TRANSAKSI E-COMMERCE DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM

Abstract

Today the flow of information technology develops and increases passively. The internet as one of the modern information technology media has developed rapidly and spread to almost all aspects of human life. The data shows that more than half of Indonesia's population are internet users. If in ancient times the internet was only used by a few groups to exchange data or academic needs, it is different now where the internet can be used by various groups for various needs. The internet is able to change patterns and lifestyles of humans in terms of communication, sharing information and social lifestyles, even the internet is able to change patterns of trade or economic transactions carried out by humans from what was originally a conventional economy to a digital economy.

            Economic transactions in ancient times we are often familiar with the term barter system, namely the exchange of goods for goods without the intermediary of money. This system lasted long enough to change into a conventional transaction system that uses money as a medium of exchange. E-Commerce is one of the results of the application of the internet in terms of the digital economy in the economic field. The term e-commerce is defined as a process of buying and selling both goods and services that are carried out electronically by utilizing the use of the internet and existing digital networks or technologies.

            This research is a field research (field research) which is qualitative in nature. Field research procedures that produce descriptive data, in the form of written or oral data from the people and research observed. Thereforein this study every symptom related to e-commerce transactions will be studied thoroughly and in depth and strive to provide a deep meaning about the phenomena found. Data analysis was carried out after data collection was considered complete in the first stage the data was organized. The next step is grouping the data and categorizing the data according to predetermined guidelines, then the data is compiled and then interpretation and conclusions are carried out.

            From the description above, e-commerce tends to have similarities with bai' as-salam when viewed from the nature of payments that are expedited and the delivery or delivery of goods that are delayed. In e-commerce transactions, after an agreement has been reached between the seller and the buyer, the buyer will pay the nominal value of the goods that have been agreed upon. If payment has been proven in full, then the seller then sends the goods desired by the buyer. Islam prohibits buying and selling transactions that contain elements of usury, gharar, fraud, coercion, maisir and haram.

            In both e-commerce and bai' as-salam transactions, there are elements of the transacting parties, namely the seller and the buyer, the object being transacted and the transaction sighat. However, there is a fundamental difference between the two, namely in e-commerce there is no direct meeting (face to face) between the seller and the buyer. The two of them communicate only through the internet. The principle of e-commerce transactions is permissible in Islam as long as the implementation is in accordance with Islamic principles, namely avoiding usury, gharar, maisir. Regarding the payment system in e-commerce, it is recommended not to use a credit card system, this is because it will make the transaction contain elements of usury.