Jurnal SAMBAS (Studi Agama, Masyarakat, Budaya, Adat, Sejarah): Journal of Religious, Community, Culture, Costume, History Studies)

PERUBAHAN BERTANI PADI SECARA BELALLE’ PADA MASYARAKAT MELAYU SAMBAS DI DESA PENAKALAN

Salina Salina, Risa Risa — Tue, 18 Mar 2025 00:51:26 +0000

Belalle' is a mutual cooperation culture that is still carried out in Penakalan Village. The belalle' culture has existed for a long time and developed in the 1970s; even when agricultural management had undergone modernization in the 1980s, the belalle' culture was still carried out even though its implementation began to decrease, not at all stages of agriculture. The purpose of this study was to explain the changes in rice farming in the belalle' way in Penakalan Village and the factors that caused these changes. The method used in this study is the historical method, which includes four steps, namely heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. The results of the study showed that several stages in rice farming in Penakalan Village include marimba', ngakas, nayak, incamai, nuggal/nandor, merumput, njamak, and beranyi. In the period 1970-1980, the belalle' culture was carried out in almost all stages of rice farming. In the 1981-1990 period, the Belalle' culture disappeared during the land clearing stages (merimba', ngakas, and nayak), and in the 1991 to 2000s period, only grazing and singing were carried out in the Belalle' manner. Factors causing this change include decreasing land clearing, use of herbicides, and new employment opportunities.

JEJAK ISLAM MODERN DI MESIR

Patriana Patriana, Tiya Juliani, M. Dahlan M, Syamzan Syukur — Thu, 27 Mar 2025 18:49:14 +0000

This paper discusses modern Islam in Egypt, looking at the journey of the entry of Islam to the emergence of modern Islamic thinkers in the region. This study uses library research with a qualitative approach. The results of the study show that Egypt only became an Islamic city when Umar became caliph. Over time, Egypt has developed in the modern era, which is marked by the emergence of reformist figures. Reform in Egypt proves that Islam can answer the problems of society in all ages, and Islamic teachings can make a positive contribution to every development of the era. Reform occurs in various fields, one of which is education, which can also have an impact on improving the social, economic, and military conditions of the country. Some figures who became pioneers of Islamic reform with their respective ideas include Muhammad Ali Pasha, Rifa'ah Badawi Rafi' At-Tahtawi, Jamaluddin Al-Afghani, Muhammad Abduh, Qasim Amin, Muhammad Rasyid Ridha, Ali Mubarak, Thaha Husein, and Hasan Al-Banna.

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE MU‘TAZILITE THEOLOGICAL SCHOOL OF THOUGHT

Ahmad Nabil Amir, Tasnim Abdul Rahman — Sat, 29 Mar 2025 04:52:48 +0000

The paper examines the historical development of Mu'tazilite theological school of thought which arises from speculative method and influences of Greek thought that sparked the discursive tradition of early Islamic intellectual history. This was essentially brought forth by the textualist and rationalist school and their classical debate that had formative influence in the rational school developed by the Mu'tazilites in the early centuries. The paper studies the history and development of Mu'tazilite theology and their conceptual and doctrinal impact on modern neo-Mu'tazilite works. The study is based on classical works that provide underlying textual and interpretive history of Mu'tazilism. It uses qualitative method based on documentary survey and content analysis. Data were collected from related primary and secondary sources and analyzed using descriptive, normative, historical and theological approaches in order to make accurate findings. The finding shows that the Mu'tazilites ideology was historically developed to counter the alleged philosophical influence of deviant sects of the heretics, Magians, Manichaeism, atheism, naturalists and materialists by refuting their philosophical premises. This contributes to the formative development of kalam or speculative theology thanks to the flowering of Mu'tazilite theology and their rational expression that helps to foster higher ethical and religious norms and theological ideas and its consequential influences on contemporary contexts that espouses neo-Mu'tazilite outlook calling for the return of reason and their enlightened movement.

METODE PENDIDIKAN AKHLAK ANAK MENURUT AL-GHAZALI DAN IBNU MASKAWAIH:

Muhammad Nur Faizin — Sat, 29 Mar 2025 14:14:32 +0000

Moral education is a very important education because it not only teaches knowledge, but also forms a good personality in accordance with Islamic teachings to create individuals with noble character. Children's moral education has been discussed by two Muslim figures, namely Al-Ghazali and Ibn Maskawaih. The purpose of this study is to explain the methods of moral education according to al-Ghazali and Ibn Maskawaih; the study of the Ayyuhal Walad and Tadzhib Al-Akhlak books. The method used is a literature study, by collecting sources in the form of: the Ayyuhal Walad book, Tadzhib Al-Akhlak, books, journals, and other relevant sources. After the sources are collected, an analysis is carried out and conclusions are drawn. The results found are several methods of moral education explained by Al-Ghazali, namely: oral methods, stories, habits, and exemplary behavior. While the methods of moral education by Ibn Maskawaih are natural methods, guidance, habits and punishment. Both have similarities in several methods, namely: the habituation method to form good habits, Al-Ghazali's advice method and Ibn Maskawaih's natural method to teach moral values, as well as Al-Ghazali's exemplary method and Ibn Maskawaih's guidance method which emphasize the role of educators as good examples for children.

LEGITIMASI HADIS, PENGALAMAN MISTIS, IMAJINASI PASCA KEMATIAN DALAM TRADISI YASINAN PADA MASYARAKAT MELAYU SAMBAS

Alkadri Alkadri — Thu, 15 May 2025 05:48:59 +0000

The Yasinan tradition is a social phenomenon that lives in the Sambas Malay community due to the acculturation of local culture with Islam. This discussion aims to reveal (1) mystical views in the Sambas Malay culture and (2) acculturation of Islam and local culture in the Yasinan Tradition, including the legitimacy of hadith, mysticism and post-death imagination. This study uses a field research method in the form of living hadith using an emic approach. Discussion findings: (1) The Sambas Malay community has a strong attachment between Islamic teachings and magical traditions, which are manifested in beliefs in spirits and ritual practices such asn, which are a form of acculturation between local beliefs and Islam. (2) This acculturation gives rise to perspectives and beliefs that become the motives behind the implementation of the Yasinan Tradition. The community is able to read Yasin well and knows the text of the hadith reward and recommends the privilege of reading Yasin so as to form a perspective that reading Yasin is good behaviour and in accordance with Islamic law, although not everyone knows the contents of the verses and hadith texts. The community believes that reading Yasin can exorcise ghosts and evil spirits and as a medicine in treatment. In addition, people believe that the reward for reading Yasin can be used as charity for the deceased.