Pengaruh Reward dan Punishment Dalam Kurikulum Merdeka Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa SMA
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penerapan reward dan punishment dalam Kurikulum Merdeka terhadap motivasi belajar siswa SMA. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis eksplanatori. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 414 siswa yang dipilih melalui teknik proportionate stratified random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner tertutup berskala Likert, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) untuk menguji validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen, serta analisis regresi berganda untuk menguji hubungan antar variabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa reward berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar dengan koefisien β = 0,417 (p < 0,001), sedangkan punishment juga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan dengan koefisien β = 0,545 (p < 0,001). Secara simultan, reward dan punishment mampu menjelaskan 51,4% variasi motivasi belajar siswa (R² = 0,514). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan penguatan positif dan konsekuensi edukatif yang tepat dalam Kurikulum Merdeka memiliki nilai strategis dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi praktis bagi guru dan sekolah dalam mengoptimalkan strategi pembelajaran yang berorientasi pada disiplin positif dan pembelajaran berpusat pada siswa.
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