The Existence of Customary Law Community's Rights (Hak Ulayat) Over Land in Kalimantan
Abstract
Land is the source of life and, at the same time, a symbol of identity in which the honor and dignity of its owners are embedded. Land holds significant and vital meaning for the Dayak people, reflecting their identity. The relationship between the Dayak community and the land (nature) is a reality of life, where they are interrelated in the unity between living beings and nature. The indigenous communities in Kalimantan understand "Hak Ulayat" as customary land. The conception of customary land is understood as land subject to customary law. This customary land consists of three important aspects in relation to its ownership: firstly, communal customary land held by the indigenous community, which is jointly possessed, protected, maintained, and utilized for collective interests. "Hak Ulayat" faces challenging and burdensome issues in its recognition and protection. Article 3 of the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA) asserts that the implementation of "Hak Ulayat" and similar rights of indigenous communities, to the extent they still exist in reality, must be carried out in a manner that aligns with national and state interests, based on national unity, and in compliance with higher laws and regulations.
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