Perlindungan Pelaku UMKM di Lingkungan Sekolah yang Mengalami Penurunan Pendapatan Akibat Program MBG Perspektif Maṣlaḥah Manfa‘ah

Abstract

The Free Nutritious Meals Program (Program Makan Bergizi Gratis/MBG) is a government policy aimed at improving students’ nutritional intake; however, its implementation has led to changes in consumption patterns that have implications for the sustainability of school-canteen Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This study aims to analyze the impact of MBG implementation on the income of school-canteen MSMEs and to formulate forms of protection for MSMEs from the perspective of Islamic economic law. This study employs an empirical legal research method using a case approach, a statutory approach, and a conceptual approach. Data were obtained through interviews with school-canteen MSME operators, students, and parents, while legal materials were obtained through an examination of relevant legislation and literature. The findings indicate that MBG provides benefits to students, particularly in meeting their nutritional needs and reducing household expenditures; however, at the same time, it has altered students’ consumption patterns, thereby reducing demand for canteen products. From the perspective of maṣlaḥah, this condition indicates the need for a more proportional distribution of the benefits and burdens of the policy. Therefore, MSME protection in the implementation of MBG can be formulated in three forms: the integration of MSMEs into the MBG ecosystem through partnerships, affirmative policies to maintain business opportunities and capacity, and business recovery measures for affected MSMEs. This formulation is intended to ensure that the objective of fulfilling students’ nutritional needs remains achievable without neglecting the protection and economic sustainability of school-canteen MSMEs.