Jurnal SAMBAS (Studi Agama, Masyarakat, Budaya, Adat, Sejarah): Journal of Religious, Community, Culture, Costume, History Studies)

Jurnal SAMBAS (Studi Agama, Masyarakat, Budaya, Adat, Sejarah): Journal of Religious, Community, Culture, Costume, History Studies) establishes this policy with reference to the guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) on authorship and contributorship. The provisions below promote transparent attribution, appropriate recognition of scholarly contributions, and accountability for published work, taking into account the multidisciplinary characteristics of research in religion, society, culture, customary traditions, traditional costumes, history, anthropology, cultural heritage, and related fields of study.

1. Eligibility for Authorship

Authorship must reflect a substantial scholarly contribution to the research and manuscript. Such contributions may include developing the research concept or design, formulating research questions, collecting and interpreting empirical data, conducting fieldwork, examining historical and archival sources, analyzing religious texts and traditions, investigating cultural practices and customary institutions, or developing the manuscript's substantive scholarly arguments.

Each author must participate meaningfully in drafting or critically revising the manuscript, approve the final version, and accept responsibility for their contribution. All authors must cooperate in addressing questions concerning the accuracy, originality, and integrity of the research and publication.

All individuals who qualify for authorship must be included, and no individual may be listed without their knowledge and consent. Institutional position, academic seniority, funding provision, general supervision, administrative assistance, access to research locations, or language editing alone does not justify authorship.

Providing access to local communities, indigenous knowledge, cultural heritage, customary institutions, historical archives, religious institutions, research participants, or documentary materials does not, by itself, establish eligibility for authorship.

2. Disclosure of Author Contributions

Every manuscript submitted to Jurnal SAMBAS must include an author contributions statement describing each author's actual contribution to the research and manuscript.

Relevant activities may include:

• Conceptualization and formulation of research questions;
• Research design and development of theoretical frameworks;
• Methodology and research instrument development;
• Fieldwork and collection of empirical data;
• Interviews, observations, and ethnographic research;
• Collection and examination of historical, archival, and documentary sources;
• Documentation and analysis of religious, cultural, and customary practices;
• Analysis of traditional costumes, material culture, and cultural heritage;
• Data curation and interpretation;
• Drafting and critical revision of the manuscript;
• Supervision involving substantive intellectual input; and
• Project administration and research coordination involving scholarly contributions.

Contributors must be identified consistently by name or initials. The statement must accurately reflect the actual contributions and must be agreed upon by all authors.

Multiple authors may share a role, and an individual author may undertake several roles. Single-author manuscripts, including book reviews and other scholarly contributions, must also include a statement describing the author's contribution.

3. Author List and Order

Authors should discuss and agree upon authorship and author order at an early stage of the research or manuscript preparation process and confirm their agreement before submission to Jurnal SAMBAS.

Decisions regarding authorship and author order must reflect actual scholarly contributions and relevant disciplinary conventions.

All authors must consent to the submission of the manuscript to Jurnal SAMBAS. Names, institutional affiliations, and contribution information must be accurate and consistent across the manuscript and submission metadata.

The journal does not assign, determine, or modify author order on behalf of the authors. Responsibility for establishing and agreeing upon the author list and order rests with the authors themselves.

4. Corresponding Author

The corresponding author serves as the principal contact between the author team and Jurnal SAMBAS throughout the submission, peer-review, revision, publication, and post-publication processes.

The corresponding author must ensure that:

• All authors are informed of relevant editorial communications;
• All authors agree to the author list and contribution statement;
• All authors approve the final version of the manuscript;
• The manuscript and its supporting documents are submitted accurately and completely;
• Responses to editorial and reviewer comments are coordinated appropriately; and
• Questions concerning the research, data, sources, methodology, and integrity of the article are addressed when necessary.

The corresponding author is also responsible for coordinating requests for clarification, supporting materials, corrections, and other post-publication communications.

This role does not replace or diminish the individual responsibilities of other co-authors.

5. Acknowledgment of Other Contributions

Individuals, communities, institutions, or organizations whose contributions do not qualify them for authorship may be recognized in the Acknowledgment section of the manuscript.

Such contributions may include:

• Technical, administrative, or logistical assistance;
• Assistance in accessing research locations and local communities;
• Facilitation of interviews, field observations, and data collection;
• Access to historical archives, manuscripts, documentary sources, and research facilities;
• Assistance in documenting cultural practices, traditional costumes, and cultural heritage;
• Financial support, grants, and research funding; and
• Language editing and other non-substantive editorial assistance.

The nature of each contribution must be stated clearly and accurately. Permission must be obtained before naming individuals or organizations in the Acknowledgment section.

In research involving indigenous communities, customary institutions, traditional knowledge, and cultural heritage, authors must ensure that acknowledgment and recognition are consistent with applicable ethical considerations, community agreements, confidentiality requirements, and the rights of research participants.

Acknowledgment must not be used as a substitute for authorship when a contributor qualifies to be listed as an author.

6. Unacceptable Authorship Practices

Jurnal SAMBAS prohibits authorship practices that misrepresent individual contributions or undermine academic integrity, including:

Gift, honorary, or guest authorship: Listing an individual who does not qualify for authorship, including solely because of their academic position, institutional authority, reputation, personal relationship, or financial contribution.

Ghost authorship: Omitting an individual who qualifies for authorship or concealing substantive intellectual or writing contributions that should be disclosed.

Unauthorized authorship: Listing an individual as an author without their knowledge, consent, or approval.

False contribution statements: Providing inaccurate or misleading descriptions of the roles and contributions of authors.

Misappropriation of community knowledge: Claiming authorship or ownership of traditional knowledge, cultural expressions, historical narratives, or community-based knowledge without appropriate acknowledgment, attribution, or ethical consideration.

Undisclosed writing assistance: Concealing substantive contributions from individuals or third parties who have materially participated in the intellectual preparation of the manuscript.

Suspected violations will be assessed in accordance with the journal's publication ethics procedures, with reference to relevant COPE guidance. The individuals concerned will be given an opportunity to provide clarification and respond to the allegations.

7. Changes to Authorship

Requests to add or remove authors, change author order, or change the corresponding author after submission must be submitted to the editor with a clear explanation and written agreement from all authors, including any individual being added or removed.

An updated author contributions statement must accompany the request where applicable.

The editor may suspend the editorial process while the request is examined. If agreement cannot be established among the parties concerned, the matter may be referred to the relevant institution or institutions for further investigation.

Changes to authorship must not be made unilaterally or without appropriate justification and consent.

Requests received after publication will be assessed based on the explanation, supporting evidence, and agreement of the parties concerned. Approved changes will be documented through an appropriate correction and updates to the publication record.

8. Authorship Disputes

Concerns or disputes about authorship should be submitted through the official communication channels of Jurnal SAMBAS, accompanied by a description of the issue and relevant supporting evidence.

The journal will seek clarification from the parties concerned and may suspend manuscript processing while the dispute remains unresolved.

Editors are not responsible for independently investigating or adjudicating competing claims about contributions made within a research team. Where necessary, the journal may request an investigation by the relevant institution or institutions, following applicable COPE guidance.

For research involving local communities, customary institutions, indigenous knowledge, and collaborative cultural research, relevant institutional or community agreements may also be considered when assessing the context of the dispute.

Editorial decisions will take account of the available evidence and institutional findings. Where an authorship problem affects a published article, the journal will take appropriate action to maintain an accurate and transparent publication record.

9. Artificial Intelligence and Authorship

In accordance with the principles of responsible scholarly publishing and COPE guidance on authorship and contributorship, artificial intelligence tools cannot be listed as authors or co-authors because they cannot assume responsibility for the work or fulfil the obligations associated with scholarly authorship.

Authors must disclose the use of AI-assisted technologies in research or manuscript preparation in the