Shar-E : Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Hukum Syariah establishes this policy with reference to the guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) on authorship and contributorship. The provisions below promote transparent attribution, appropriate recognition of contributions, and accountability for published work, taking into account the characteristics of research in law, Islamic law, economics, Sharia economics, business, Islamic business, and related Sharia studies.

1. Eligibility for Authorship

Authorship must reflect a substantial scholarly contribution to the work. Such contributions may include developing the research concept or design, collecting and interpreting empirical data or documentary sources, conducting legal or economic analysis, or developing the manuscript’s substantive arguments.

Each author must participate meaningfully in drafting or critically revising the manuscript, approve the final version, and accept responsibility for their contribution. All authors must cooperate in addressing questions concerning the accuracy or integrity of the work.

All individuals who qualify for authorship must be included, and no individual may be listed without their knowledge and consent. Institutional position, seniority, funding provision, general supervision, administrative assistance, or language editing alone does not justify authorship. Providing access to a business, financial institution, legal institution, research site, or dataset does not, by itself, establish eligibility for authorship.

2. Disclosure of Author Contributions

Every manuscript must include an author contributions statement describing each author’s actual contribution. Relevant activities may include conceptualization, research design, methodology, collection of data or research materials, legal analysis, economic analysis, interpretation, drafting, critical revision, and supervision involving substantive intellectual input.

Contributors must be identified consistently by name or initials. The statement must be accurate and agreed upon by all authors. Multiple authors may share a role, and an individual author may undertake several roles. Single-author manuscripts, including book reviews, must also include a statement describing the author’s contribution.

3. Author List and Order

Authors should discuss and agree upon authorship and author order early in the research or manuscript preparation process and confirm their agreement before submission. Decisions must reflect actual contributions and relevant disciplinary conventions.

All authors must consent to submission to Shar-E : Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Hukum Syariah. Names, affiliations, and contribution information must be accurate and consistent across the manuscript and submission metadata. The journal does not assign author order on behalf of the authors.

4. Corresponding Author

The corresponding author serves as the principal contact between the author team and the journal throughout submission, peer review, revision, publication, and post-publication communication.

The corresponding author must ensure that all authors receive relevant editorial communications, agree to the author list and contribution statement, and approve the final manuscript. They must also coordinate responses to questions about the article and requests for clarification, supporting materials, or correction. This role does not replace the responsibilities of individual co-authors.

5. Acknowledgment of Other Contributions

Individuals or organizations whose contributions do not qualify them for authorship may be recognized in the Acknowledgment section. The nature of their assistance must be stated clearly. Such assistance may include technical or administrative support, access to data or documentary sources, access to research facilities, funding, or language editing.

Permission must be obtained before naming individuals in this section. Acknowledgment must not be used as a substitute for authorship when a contributor qualifies to be listed as an author. Recognition of assistance must also respect confidentiality agreements and the protection of research participants.

6. Unacceptable Authorship Practices

The journal prohibits practices that misrepresent contributions, including:

• Gift, honorary, or guest authorship: listing an individual who does not qualify for authorship, including solely because of their status, reputation, personal relationship, or payment.

• Ghost authorship: omitting an individual who qualifies for authorship or concealing substantive writing contributions that should be disclosed.

• Unauthorized authorship: listing an individual without their knowledge or consent.

• False contribution statements: describing roles or contributions inaccurately.

Suspected violations will be assessed under the journal’s publication ethics procedures, with reference to relevant COPE guidance. The parties concerned will be given an opportunity to respond.

7. Changes to Authorship

Requests to add or remove authors, change author order, or change the corresponding author after submission must be submitted to the editor with a clear explanation and written agreement from all authors, including any individual being added or removed. An updated contribution statement must accompany the request where applicable.

The editor may suspend the editorial process while the request is examined. If agreement cannot be established, the matter may be referred to the relevant institution. Changes must not be made unilaterally.

Requests received after publication will be assessed on the basis of the explanation, supporting evidence, and agreement of the parties concerned. Approved changes will be documented through an appropriate correction and updates to the publication record.

8. Authorship Disputes

Concerns about authorship should be submitted through the journal’s official contact channels with a description of the issue and relevant supporting evidence. The journal will seek clarification from the parties concerned and may suspend manuscript processing while a dispute remains unresolved.

Editors are not responsible for independently investigating or adjudicating competing claims about contributions made within a research team. Where necessary, the journal will request an investigation by the relevant institution or institutions, following applicable COPE guidance.

Editorial decisions will take account of the available evidence and institutional findings. Where an authorship problem affects a published article, the journal will take appropriate action to maintain an accurate publication record.

9. Artificial Intelligence and Authorship

In accordance with COPE’s position on AI and authorship, artificial intelligence tools cannot be listed as authors because they cannot assume responsibility for the work or fulfil the obligations associated with authorship.

Authors must disclose AI use in research or manuscript preparation in the Declaration of AI Use section, identifying the tool and explaining its purpose and scope. Relevant methodological details must also be reported when AI is used in data processing, analysis, or the examination of legal and documentary materials.

Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, attribution, and integrity of the manuscript, including material produced with AI assistance. This responsibility includes verifying data, references, legal provisions, judicial decisions, fatwas, and other sources cited or discussed in the work.