Shar-E : Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi Hukum Syariah is committed to maintaining the accuracy, reliability, and traceability of published articles. When errors or concerns affecting publication integrity are identified, the journal may issue a correction, an expression of concern, or a retraction, with reference to the guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

These actions serve to correct the scholarly record and provide clear information to readers. Corrections and retractions do not necessarily indicate intentional misconduct; unintentional errors may also require editorial action.

1. Reporting Errors or Concerns

Authors who discover a significant error in their published article must promptly notify the editor. Readers, reviewers, institutions, and other parties may also report concerns through the journal’s official contact channels, providing the article’s title or DOI, a description of the issue, and available supporting evidence.

The editor will assess the nature of the concern, the strength of the evidence, and its implications for the article’s interpretation and reliability. Relevant concerns may involve empirical data, economic calculations, analytical procedures, quotations, or the accuracy and attribution of legal provisions, judicial decisions, fatwas, and other sources. Allegations of ethical misconduct will be examined under the journal’s allegations of misconduct policy.

2. Corrections

A correction will be issued when an error affects understanding, factual accuracy, or attribution but does not undermine the overall reliability of the article. Such errors may concern specific data, tables, figures, calculations, quotations, references, author information, contribution statements, funding, or conflict of interest disclosures.

For legal and Sharia-related studies, corrections may also address inaccurate references to legislation, judicial decisions, fatwas, or other authoritative materials where the necessary amendment does not invalidate the article’s central analysis.

The correction notice will identify the error, explain the amendment, and be linked to the affected article. Where the article file is updated, substantive changes will be clearly documented so that the revision history remains traceable. Minor typographical or formatting errors that do not affect meaning may be corrected administratively without a separate correction notice.

3. Expressions of Concern

The journal may issue an expression of concern when serious questions arise about an article’s reliability or integrity and notifying readers is warranted, but the evidence is inconclusive, an investigation is ongoing, or resolution is expected to take considerable time.

The notice will describe the concern proportionately and be linked to the article. It does not constitute a finding of misconduct. Once sufficient information becomes available, the journal will publish a follow-up explaining the outcome, which may include a correction, a retraction, or a statement that the concern has been resolved.

4. Retractions

Retraction will be considered when sufficient evidence demonstrates that an article is unreliable or contains serious problems that cannot be adequately addressed through correction. Grounds may include major errors in data or analysis, fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, unjustified duplicate publication, unethical research, or manipulation of peer review that compromises publication integrity.

Within the journal’s scope, such problems may include fabricated economic or financial data, materially flawed calculations, or fabricated or seriously misrepresented documentary sources that undermine the article’s central findings or arguments.

An undisclosed conflict of interest may also warrant action if it is shown to have seriously affected the interpretation of the article or the editorial decision. An authorship dispute alone does not automatically justify retraction when the content remains reliable and the attribution issue can be resolved through a correction.

Differences in legal interpretation, economic theory, schools of Islamic jurisprudence, or scholarly conclusions do not, by themselves, justify retraction. Subsequent changes in legislation, regulatory policy, or economic conditions also do not automatically invalidate an article that accurately represented the context and evidence available at the time of the research.

Retraction decisions are based on evidence and editorial assessment, taking account of authors’ explanations and institutional findings where available. Authors will be given an opportunity to respond, but their agreement is not required when sufficient grounds for retraction have been established.

5. Retraction Notices and Article Status

A retraction notice will clearly identify the affected article, state who is retracting it, and explain the reasons factually. The notice will be accessible to readers and linked to the article, with a reciprocal link from the article to the notice.

Retracted articles will generally remain available as part of the scholarly record, with their retracted status clearly marked on the article webpage and publication file. Relevant metadata will be updated, and indexing services or other relevant providers will be notified where feasible. Articles will not be removed merely to conceal errors or erase the publication history.

6. Content Removal in Exceptional Circumstances

Partial or complete removal of content will be considered only in exceptional circumstances, such as when necessary to protect an individual’s confidentiality or safety, address an infringement of rights that cannot be resolved through correction, or comply with legal obligations.

Where removal is necessary, the journal will retain bibliographic information and a notice of removal to the extent permitted. An explanation will be provided subject to applicable confidentiality and legal requirements.

7. Decision-Making and Appeals

Editors handling a case must be free from relevant conflicts of interest. Where necessary, the journal may consult independent experts in the relevant legal, economic, business, or Sharia-related field or seek clarification from the institutions concerned. The publisher supports the implementation of decisions and updates to the publication record.

Authors may appeal a decision through the journal’s official contact channels, providing clear reasons or additional evidence. Appeals will be assessed by a person without a conflict of interest and, wherever possible, someone not involved in the original decision. An appeal does not automatically suspend action needed to inform readers of significant concerns.